For Business

Many of our business clients like to review their tax position at the end of the income year and evaluate any year-end strategies that may be available to legitimately reduce their tax.   Traditionally, year-end tax planning for small businesses is based around two simple concepts – i.e., accelerating business deductions and deferring income.

However, Small Business Entities (‘SBEs’) have greater access to year-end tax planning due to particular concessions that only apply to them (the SBE system replaced the previous Simplified Tax System (‘STS’) on 1 July 2007).  Taxpayers that qualify as an SBE can generally pick and choose which of the concessions they wish to use each year (although see below regarding the simplified depreciation rules).  The basic requirement to be eligible for the SBE concessions is that the business taxpayer’s annual turnover (including that of some related entities) is less than $2 million.

The following are a number of areas that may be considered for all business taxpayers.

Maximising deductions for non-SBE taxpayers

Non-SBE business taxpayers should endeavour to maximise deductions by adopting one or more of the following strategies:

• Prepayment strategies;
• Accelerating expenditure; and
• Accrued expenditure.

Prepayment strategies – non-SBE

Any part of an expense prepayment relating to the period up to 30 June is generally deductible.

In addition, non-SBE taxpayers may generally claim the following prepayments in full:

• expenditure under $1,000;
• expenditure made under a ‘contract of service’ (e.g., salary and wages); or
• expenditure required to be incurred under law.

Accelerating expenditure – non-SBE

This is where a business taxpayer brings forward the expenditure on regular, on-going deductible items.  However, business taxpayers are generally entitled to deductions on an ‘incurred basis’.

Therefore, there is generally no requirement for the expense to be paid by 30 June 2016.  As long as the expense has genuinely been ‘incurred’, it will generally be deductible.

Checklist

The following may act as a checklist of possible accelerated expenditure:

• Depreciating assets costing $100 or less can be written off in the year of purchase.Depreciating assets costing less than $1,000 can be allocated to a low value pool and depreciated at 18.75% (which is half of the full rate of 37.5%) in their first year regardless of the date of purchase.
• Repairs – repairs to office premises, equipment, cars or other business items.
• Consumables/spare parts.
• Client gifts.
• Donations.
• Advertising.
• Fringe benefits – any benefits to be provided, such as property benefits, could be purchased and provided prior to 1 July 2016.
• Superannuation – contributions to a complying superannuation fund, to the extent contributions are actually made (i.e., they cannot be accrued but must be paid by 30 June).

Accrued expenditure – non-SBE

Non-SBE taxpayers (and some SBE taxpayers) are entitled to a deduction for expenses incurred as at 30 June 2016, even if they have not yet been paid.

The following expenses may be accrued:

• Salary or wages and bonuses – the accrued expense for the days that employees have worked but have not been paid as at 30 June 2016.
• Interest – any accrued interest outstanding on a business loan that has not been paid as at 30 June 2016.
• Commercial bills – the discount applicable to the period up to 30 June 2016, where the term of the bill extends past 30 June.
• Commissions – where employees or other external parties are owed commission payments.
• Fringe benefits tax (FBT) – if an FBT instalment is due for the June 2016 quarter, for example, but not payable until July, it can be accrued and claimed as a tax deduction in the 2016 income year.
• Directors’ fees – where a company is definitively committed to the payment of a director’s fee as at 30 June 2016, it can be claimed as a tax deduction.

 

Maximising deductions for SBE taxpayers

Deductions can be maximised for SBE business taxpayers by accelerating expenditure and prepaying deductible business expenses.  Former STS taxpayers who have continued to use the STS cash method since before 1 July 2005 cannot accrue expenses, but other SBE taxpayers on an accruals basis can accrue expenses (see above regarding accruing expenditure).

Accelerating expenditure – SBE

Former STS taxpayers who have continued to use the STS cash method since before 1 July 2005 and who qualify as an SBE are generally only entitled to deductions if they have paid the amount by 30 June.

All SBE taxpayers can choose to write-off depreciable assets costing less than $20,000 in the year of purchase*.  Also, assets costing $20,000 or more are allocated to an SBE general pool and depreciated at 15% (which is half the full rate of 30%) in their first year.  Therefore, where appropriate, SBE business taxpayers should consider purchasing/installing these items by 30 June 2016.

(*) The small instant asset write-off threshold has been temporarily increased to ‘less than $20,000’, for assets acquired and installed ready for use between 7.30 pm (AEST) 12 May 2015 and 30 June 2017. 

It should be noted that SBE taxpayers choosing to use the SBE depreciation rules are effectively ‘locked in’ to using those rules for all of their depreciable assets.

Prepayment strategies – SBE

SBE taxpayers making prepayments before 1 July 2016 can choose to claim a full deduction in the year of payment where they cover a period of no more than 12 months (ending before 1 July 2017).  Otherwise, the prepayment rules are the same as for non-SBE taxpayers.

The kinds of expenses that may be prepaid include:

• Rent on business premises or equipment.
• Lease payments on business items such as cars and office equipment.
• Interest – check with your financier to determine if it’s possible to prepay up to 12 months interest in advance.
• Business trips.
• Training courses that run on or after 1 July 2016.
• Business subscriptions.
• Cleaning.

Information Required

This is some of the information we will need you to bring to help us prepare your income tax return:

• Stocktake details as at 30 June.
• Debtors listing (including a list of bad debts written off) as at 30 June.
  Note:  In order to claim a deduction, the debt must be written off on or before 30 June.
• Creditors listing as at 30 June.

For Individual

A good strategy to reduce tax payable is normally to accelerate any income tax deductions into the current income year, which will reduce overall taxable income in the current year. 

The tax rates for resident (adult) individual taxpayers for the 2015/16 income year are as follows:

Taxable Income threshold	Tax payable1
0 – $18,200	Nil
$18,201 – $37,000	19% of excess over $18,200
$37,001 – $80,000	$3,572 + 32.5% of excess over $37,000
$80,001 – $180,000	$17,547 + 37% of excess over $80,000
$180,001 and over	$54,547 + 47%2 of excess over $180,000

1. The Medicare levy of 2% generally applies in addition to these rates.
2. This rate includes the 2% ‘Temporary Budget Repair Levy’ which applies from 1 July 2014 to 30 June 2017 on that part of a person’s taxable income that exceeds $180,000.

Common work-related claims made by individuals

The following outlines common types of deductible expenses claimed by individual taxpayers, such as employees and rental property owners, plus some strategies that can be adopted to increase deductions for the 2015/16 income year.

1. Depreciable plant, etc., costing $300 or less

Salary and wage earners and rental property owners will generally be entitled to an immediate deduction if certain income-producing assets costing $300 or less are purchased before 1 July 2016.

Some purchases you may consider include:

• books and trade journals;
• briefcases/luggage or suitcases;
• calculators, electronic organisers;
• electronic tablets;
• software;
• stationery;
• tools of trade.

2. Clothing expenses

Purchase or pay for work-related clothing expenses prior to the end of the income year, such as:

• compulsory (or non-compulsory and registered) uniforms, and occupation specific and protective clothing;
• other expenses associated with such work-related clothing, such as dry cleaning, laundry and repair expenses.

3. Self education expenses

Consider prepaying the following self education items before the end of the income year:

• course fees (but not HECS-HELP fees), student union fees, and tutorial fees;
• interest on borrowings used to pay for any deductible self education expenses.

Also bring forward purchases of stationery and text books (i.e., those which are not required to be depreciated).

4. Other work-related expenses

Employees can prepay any of the following expenses prior to 1 July 2016:

• union fees;
• subscriptions to trade, professional or business associations;
• magazine and newspaper subscriptions;
• seminars and conferences;
• income protection insurance (excluding death and total/permanent disability).

Note: When prepaying any of the expenses above before 1 July 2016, ensure that any services being paid for are to be provided within a 12 month period that ends before 1 July 2017.  Otherwise, the deductions must generally be claimed proportionately over the period of the prepayment.

 

For more information please contact your Account Manager on 02 9406 5900.